MR ROBS AP US HISTORY
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  • The Daily Buzz
  • Periods
    • 1: 1491-1607 >
      • 1.1 Contextualizing Period 1
      • 1.2 Native American Societies Before Euro Contact
      • 1.3 Euro Exploration in the Americas
      • 1.4 Columbian Exchange, Spanish Exploration, and Conquest
      • 1.5 Labor, Slavery, & Caste in the Spanish Colonial System
      • 1.6 Cultural Interactions Between Euros, Native Americans, & Africans
      • 1.7 Causation in Period 3
    • 2: 1607- 1754 >
      • 2.1 Contextualizing Period 2
      • 2.2 European Colonization
      • 2.3 The Regions of British Colonies
      • 2.4 Transatlantic Trade
      • 2.5 Interactions Between Am Indians & Euros
      • 2.6 Slavery in the British Colonies
      • 2.7 Colonial Society & Culture
      • 2.8 Comparison in Period 2
    • 3: 1754- 1800 >
      • 3.1 Contextualizing Period 3
      • 3.2 The French & Indian War
      • 3.3 Taxation Without Representation
      • 3.4 Philosophical Foundations of the Am Revolution
      • 3.5 The American Revolution
      • 3.6 The Influence of Revolutionary Ideals
      • 3.7 The Articles of Confederation
      • 3.8 The Constitutional Convention and Debates over Ratification
      • 3.9 The Constitution
      • 3.10 Shaping a New Republic
      • 3.11 Developing an American Identity
      • 3.12 Movement in the Early Republic
      • 3.13 Continuity and Change in Period 3
    • 4: 1800- 1848 >
      • 4.1 Contextualizing Period 4
      • 4.2 The Rise of Political Parties
      • 4.3 Politics & Regional Interests
      • 4.4 America on the World Stage
      • 4.5 Market Revolution: Industrialization
      • 4.6 Market Revolution: Society & Culture
      • 4.7 Expanding Democracy
      • 4.8 Jackson & Federal Power
      • 4.9 The Development of Am Culture
      • 4.10 The 2nd Great Awakening
      • 4.11 An Age of Reform
      • 4.12 African Americans in the Early Repubic
      • 4.13 The Society of the South...
    • 5: 1844- 1877 >
      • 5.2 Manifest Destiny
      • 5.3 The Mexican War
      • 5.4 Comp of 1850
      • 5.5 Sectional Conflict
      • 5.6 Failure of Compromise
      • 5.7 Election of 1860 & Succession
      • 5.8 Military Conflict
      • 5.9 Government Policies
      • 5.10 Reconstruction
      • 5.11 Failure of Reconstruction
    • 6: 1865- 1898 >
      • 6.2 Westward Expansion: Economic Development
      • 6.3 Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development
      • 6.4 The “New South”
      • 6.5 Technological Innovation
      • 6.6 The Rise of Industrial Capitalism
      • 6.7 Labor in the Gilded Age
      • 6.8 Immigration and Migration in the Gilded Age
      • 6.9 Responses to Immigration in the Gilded Age
      • 6.10 Development of the Middle Class
      • 6.11 Reform in the Gilded Age
      • 6.12 Controversies over the Role of Government in the Gilded Age
      • 6.13 Politics in the Gilded Age
    • 7: 1880- 1945 >
      • 7.2 Imperialism: Debates
      • 7.3 The Spanish-American War
      • 7.4 The Progressives
      • 7.5 World War I: Military and Diplomacy
      • 7.6 World War I: Home Front
      • 7.7 1920s: Innovations in Communication and Technology
      • 7.8 1920s: Cultural and Political Controversies
      • 7.9 The Great Depression
      • 7.10 The New Deal
      • 7.11 Interwar Foreign Policy
      • 7.12 World War II: Mobilization
      • 7.13 World War II: Military
      • 7.14 Postwar Diplomacy
    • 8: 1945- 1980 >
      • 8.2 The Cold War from 1945 to 1980
      • 8.3 The Red Scare
      • 8.4 Economy After 1945
      • 8.5 Culture after 1945
      • 8.6 Early Steps in the Civil Rights Movement (1940s and 1950s)
      • 8.7 America as a World Power
      • 8.8 The Vietnam War
      • 8.9 The Great Society
      • 8.10 The African American Civil Rights Movement (1960s)
      • 8.11 The Civil Rights Movement Expands
      • 8.12 Youth Culture of the 1960s
      • 8.13 The Environment and Natural Resources from 1968 to 1980
      • 8.14 Society in Transition
    • 9: 1980- present
  • The AP Test 5/5/2023
    • Stimulus-Response Questions
    • Free Response Questions >
      • Short Answer
      • Long Essay
      • DBQs
  • AP History Disciplinary Practices and Reasoning Skills
  • Thematic Learning Objectives
  • Time to GO!

TOPIC 1.4
Columbian Exchange,
Spanish Exploration, and Conquest

THEMATIC FOCUS     Geography and the Environment (GEO)
Geographic and environmental factors, including competition over and debates about natural resources, shape the development of America and foster regional diversity. The development of America impacts the environment and reshapes geography, which leads to debates about environmental and geographic issues.

Learning Objective D

Explain causes of the Columbian Exchange and its effect on Europe and the Americas during the period after 1492.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTS
KC-1.2.I.B
The Columbian Exchange brought new crops to Europe from the Americas, stimulating European population growth, and new sources of mineral wealth, which facilitated the European shift from feudalism to capitalism.
KC-1.2.I.C
Improvements in maritime technology and more organized methods for conducting international trade, such as joint-stock
companies, helped drive changes to economies in Europe and the Americas.
KC-1.2.II.A
Spanish exploration and conquest of the Americas were accompanied and furthered by widespread deadly epidemics that devastated native populations and by the introduction of crops and animals not found in the Americas.


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  • Home
  • The Daily Buzz
  • Periods
    • 1: 1491-1607 >
      • 1.1 Contextualizing Period 1
      • 1.2 Native American Societies Before Euro Contact
      • 1.3 Euro Exploration in the Americas
      • 1.4 Columbian Exchange, Spanish Exploration, and Conquest
      • 1.5 Labor, Slavery, & Caste in the Spanish Colonial System
      • 1.6 Cultural Interactions Between Euros, Native Americans, & Africans
      • 1.7 Causation in Period 3
    • 2: 1607- 1754 >
      • 2.1 Contextualizing Period 2
      • 2.2 European Colonization
      • 2.3 The Regions of British Colonies
      • 2.4 Transatlantic Trade
      • 2.5 Interactions Between Am Indians & Euros
      • 2.6 Slavery in the British Colonies
      • 2.7 Colonial Society & Culture
      • 2.8 Comparison in Period 2
    • 3: 1754- 1800 >
      • 3.1 Contextualizing Period 3
      • 3.2 The French & Indian War
      • 3.3 Taxation Without Representation
      • 3.4 Philosophical Foundations of the Am Revolution
      • 3.5 The American Revolution
      • 3.6 The Influence of Revolutionary Ideals
      • 3.7 The Articles of Confederation
      • 3.8 The Constitutional Convention and Debates over Ratification
      • 3.9 The Constitution
      • 3.10 Shaping a New Republic
      • 3.11 Developing an American Identity
      • 3.12 Movement in the Early Republic
      • 3.13 Continuity and Change in Period 3
    • 4: 1800- 1848 >
      • 4.1 Contextualizing Period 4
      • 4.2 The Rise of Political Parties
      • 4.3 Politics & Regional Interests
      • 4.4 America on the World Stage
      • 4.5 Market Revolution: Industrialization
      • 4.6 Market Revolution: Society & Culture
      • 4.7 Expanding Democracy
      • 4.8 Jackson & Federal Power
      • 4.9 The Development of Am Culture
      • 4.10 The 2nd Great Awakening
      • 4.11 An Age of Reform
      • 4.12 African Americans in the Early Repubic
      • 4.13 The Society of the South...
    • 5: 1844- 1877 >
      • 5.2 Manifest Destiny
      • 5.3 The Mexican War
      • 5.4 Comp of 1850
      • 5.5 Sectional Conflict
      • 5.6 Failure of Compromise
      • 5.7 Election of 1860 & Succession
      • 5.8 Military Conflict
      • 5.9 Government Policies
      • 5.10 Reconstruction
      • 5.11 Failure of Reconstruction
    • 6: 1865- 1898 >
      • 6.2 Westward Expansion: Economic Development
      • 6.3 Westward Expansion: Social and Cultural Development
      • 6.4 The “New South”
      • 6.5 Technological Innovation
      • 6.6 The Rise of Industrial Capitalism
      • 6.7 Labor in the Gilded Age
      • 6.8 Immigration and Migration in the Gilded Age
      • 6.9 Responses to Immigration in the Gilded Age
      • 6.10 Development of the Middle Class
      • 6.11 Reform in the Gilded Age
      • 6.12 Controversies over the Role of Government in the Gilded Age
      • 6.13 Politics in the Gilded Age
    • 7: 1880- 1945 >
      • 7.2 Imperialism: Debates
      • 7.3 The Spanish-American War
      • 7.4 The Progressives
      • 7.5 World War I: Military and Diplomacy
      • 7.6 World War I: Home Front
      • 7.7 1920s: Innovations in Communication and Technology
      • 7.8 1920s: Cultural and Political Controversies
      • 7.9 The Great Depression
      • 7.10 The New Deal
      • 7.11 Interwar Foreign Policy
      • 7.12 World War II: Mobilization
      • 7.13 World War II: Military
      • 7.14 Postwar Diplomacy
    • 8: 1945- 1980 >
      • 8.2 The Cold War from 1945 to 1980
      • 8.3 The Red Scare
      • 8.4 Economy After 1945
      • 8.5 Culture after 1945
      • 8.6 Early Steps in the Civil Rights Movement (1940s and 1950s)
      • 8.7 America as a World Power
      • 8.8 The Vietnam War
      • 8.9 The Great Society
      • 8.10 The African American Civil Rights Movement (1960s)
      • 8.11 The Civil Rights Movement Expands
      • 8.12 Youth Culture of the 1960s
      • 8.13 The Environment and Natural Resources from 1968 to 1980
      • 8.14 Society in Transition
    • 9: 1980- present
  • The AP Test 5/5/2023
    • Stimulus-Response Questions
    • Free Response Questions >
      • Short Answer
      • Long Essay
      • DBQs
  • AP History Disciplinary Practices and Reasoning Skills
  • Thematic Learning Objectives
  • Time to GO!